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    11/5/2009

    11月5日之焰火节

          今天是11月5日。11月5日,在英国是一个特殊的日子:焰火节。

          准确地说,这个节日应该叫作“Guy Fawkes Night”,因英国16世纪的天主教徒Guy Fawkes而得名。1605年,一伙天主教徒因不满英国国王詹姆斯一世对天主教的压制,企图对其进行刺杀,并密谋在11月5日国会开幕典礼时炸掉英国国会大厦。这次行动由Robert Catesby主谋,而Guy Fawkes在其中不过是个技术人员,专管火药爆破而已。

         由于考虑到炸国会大厦时,一些天主教的议员也可能被炸死,“恐怖分子”中有人向上议会中的天主教议员Lord Monteagle事先送了信。不幸的是,这位上议员接到消息以后,立刻报告了国务卿。在计划进行的前几个小时,当局搜查了密谋者活动的地下室,并将守在那里的Guy Fawkes逮捕。

         我向来不明白英国人为什么要庆祝这样一个可怕的故事,并将此作为节日。到每年的这一天,焰火连天,礼花齐放,人们在街上笑闹,仿佛很开心。国王,教会与教徒之间的故事,是英国历史不可或缺的一部分,正如我们的三国事迹一样,永远在一个民族的口中流传。

         1868年,清朝出使英伦的张德彝,曾在其著作《再述奇》中记述了Guy Fawkes Night烟火节的情景。

         “每届十一月初五日,通国无赖子弟皆着纸衣纸帽,蒙以鬼脸,肖佛克斯之像。或以纸作偶人,置以车内,随行四五人,皆纸衣古装,手持木棍,随带鼓乐,且行且歌,记其曲云:‘君记得冬月初五,火药地雷埋下土,为甚此事年年传,皆因世人不忘古。’又云:‘一块面包喂掊朴,一盘苦酒一盘肉,一番烈焰无情火,烧死掊朴碎其骨。’又云:‘孩子们,孩子们,齐声贺彩。孩子们,孩子们,千年未改,孩子们,孩子们,钟响叮当,弃下掊朴,耶稣救主。’‘掊朴’者,华言天主教之教皇名也。”

           从前的人,以纸衣鬼脸作乐,我猜想是因为10月31号万圣节(鬼节)刚过去,还意犹未尽吧?于今,这种扮相已很少见了。

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